The Value of Knowledge Essays - British Films, Cold War Films

The Value of Knowledge Essays - British Films, Cold War Films Manroop Bhogal ENG4U0-I Mr. Gellert March 4, 2016 The Value of Knowledge Knowledge is an important element in life that shapes the way a person sees the world. Although knowledge is not something that can be seen, it holds tremendous value to those who are capable of having it. In George Orwells Animal Farm, the downfall of the farm is caused by the unequal possession of knowledge amongst the animals. This possession of knowledge goes hand-in-hand with those who control leadership and power, life and death, and manipulation. The pigs achieve their superiority and power through their academic abilities. Due to the pigs already having more knowledge than the rest of the animals in the beginning of the novel, they automatically take their positions as the leaders of the Animal Farm, The pigs [do] not actually work, but [direct] and [supervise] the others. With their superior knowledge, it was natural that they should assume the leadership (Orwell 11). In turn, their positions as higher authorities allow them to gain access to Mr. Jones farmhouse, using his childrens old spelling book to teach themselves how to read and write. Having gained these skills, and examined the concepts of economics, Napoleon suggests that they engage in trade with the neighbouring farms in order to obtain certain materials which were urgently necessary, mainly rations. Napoleons knowledge of the trades gives him the ability to order Mr. Whymper to acquire rations for the animals and continue to report that there was no food sho rtage on the farm. Thus, with having no other contact with humans while allowing rations into the farm, as well as implying to the outside world that there is no food shortage, Napoleon has demonstrated to both the parties, that he is capable of running the animal farm without any humans, justifying his position as a powerful leader. This, in turn, begins the downfall of the Animal Farm. The other animals on the farm, however, due to their lack of intelligence, have only been led to their downfall. Many are unable to completely learn the alphabet while others do not feel the need to learn to read or write at all, Clover learnt the whole alphabet, but could not put words together. Boxer could not get beyond the letter DNone of the other animals on the farm could get further than the letter A (Orwell 13). The sheep, hens, and ducks, were unable to learn the Seven Commandments by heart. Their inability to effectively read or write stops them from averting Boxers murder, when they cannot read the sign on the van that takes him away (save Benjamin): Fools! Fools! shouted Benjamin, prancing round them and stamping the earth with his small hoofs. Fools! Do you not see what is written on the side of that van?Horse Slaughterer and Glue Boiler Do you not understand what that means? They are taking Boxer to the knackers (Orwell 47). A spark of realization has occurred, and the animals soon understand the importance of being able to read and write. As they watch their fellow comrade being driven towards his death, their guilt has consumed them, for it is their illiteracy which has caused the incident. Had the pigs taught the animals how read or write with ease, or had the animals taken the effort to learn to do so, Boxer would have been spared from this terrible incident. Through their extensive knowledge of reading and writing English, the pigs are able to easily manipulate the other animals minds through the changes made to the Seven Commandments. Squealer manipulates the minds of the animals by using a method called gas-lighting, a form of mental abuse in which information is twisted or spun with the intent of making victims doubt their own memory. When the changes made to the Seven Commandments are questioned, Squealer simply replies that there was no such thing written, questioning their memory, completely aware of their inability to read the Seven Commandments in the first place: Squealer [asks] them shrewdly, Are you certain that this is not something that you have dreamed, comrades? Have you any record of such a resolution? Is it written down anywhere? And since it was certainly true that nothing of the kind existed

Free Essays on Gender Stereotypes Among Children

Introduction In a society which is rife with gender stereotypes and biases, children regularly learn to adopt gender roles, which are not always fair to both sexes. Children are exposed to many factors, which influence their attitudes and behavior regarding gender roles. These attitudes and behaviors are generally learned first in the home and are then reinforced by the child’s peers, school experience, and television viewing. However the strongest influence on gender role development seems to occur within family setting. Children learn at a very early age what it means to be a boy or a girl in out society. It is difficult for a child to grow to adulthood without experiencing some form of gender bias or stereotyping, whether it be the expectation that boys are better than girls at math or the idea that only females can nurture children. Parental Influence A child’s earliest exposure to what it means to be male or female comes from parents. From the tome their children are babies, parents treat sons and daughters differently, dressing infants in gender specific colors, giving differentiated toys, and expecting different behavior from boys and girls. One study indicated that parents have differential expectations of sons and daughters as early as 24 hours after birth. EX: One study found that children at two and half years of age use gender stereotypes in negotiating their world and are likely to generalize gender stereotypes to variety of activities, objects and occupations. Children even deny the reality of what they are seeing when it doesn’t conform to their gender expectations (ex: a child whose mother is a doctor stating that only men are doctors) Boys vs. Girls Most parents prefer male children to female children throughout the world. This preference for male children is further emphasized by the finding that parents are more likely to continue having children if they have only girls than if the... Free Essays on Gender Stereotypes Among Children Free Essays on Gender Stereotypes Among Children Introduction In a society which is rife with gender stereotypes and biases, children regularly learn to adopt gender roles, which are not always fair to both sexes. Children are exposed to many factors, which influence their attitudes and behavior regarding gender roles. These attitudes and behaviors are generally learned first in the home and are then reinforced by the child’s peers, school experience, and television viewing. However the strongest influence on gender role development seems to occur within family setting. Children learn at a very early age what it means to be a boy or a girl in out society. It is difficult for a child to grow to adulthood without experiencing some form of gender bias or stereotyping, whether it be the expectation that boys are better than girls at math or the idea that only females can nurture children. Parental Influence A child’s earliest exposure to what it means to be male or female comes from parents. From the tome their children are babies, parents treat sons and daughters differently, dressing infants in gender specific colors, giving differentiated toys, and expecting different behavior from boys and girls. One study indicated that parents have differential expectations of sons and daughters as early as 24 hours after birth. EX: One study found that children at two and half years of age use gender stereotypes in negotiating their world and are likely to generalize gender stereotypes to variety of activities, objects and occupations. Children even deny the reality of what they are seeing when it doesn’t conform to their gender expectations (ex: a child whose mother is a doctor stating that only men are doctors) Boys vs. Girls Most parents prefer male children to female children throughout the world. This preference for male children is further emphasized by the finding that parents are more likely to continue having children if they have only girls than if the...

Should Canada share its freshwater with people in the developing world Research Paper

Should Canada share its freshwater with people in the developing world who do not have access to safe and clean freshwater - Research Paper Example It is an essential input for industries, hydropower generation, agricultural activities, subsistence or commercial agriculture and other significant purposes. These activities are the core livelihood of human well-being because they contribute to employment and national economic activities. However, access to safe and clean freshwater has become a global health issue and many nations, especially the developing economies, have been profoundly impacted by water scarcity. The WHO reveals that more than 3,900 children die annually because of waterborne infections (Miller & Spoolman, 2012). The developing nations are being impacted heavily by water related issues, and many families lack access to safe and clean freshwater. Almost half of the population in the developing nations lacks access to safe and clean freshwater because of natural phenomena such as climatic changes due to globalization, rainfall patterns and human factors including high population growth and pollution, thus threate ning sustainable water resources. Reasons Why Canada Should Share Its Freshwater With People in the Developing World The increased demand for freshwater, increased population growth, overexploitation of natural resources and climatic changes are worsening the state of freshwater resources, hence the need for Canadians to share their freshwater with people in the developing nations. First, Canada should share freshwater with the developing nations because there is an increased demand for water sources in the developing world. This results from the high population growth rate in developing nations and overdependence on agricultural activities. Miller (2007) asserts that supplying freshwater for irrigation and drinking is one way of sustaining the earth. This is because many people in the developing nations depend heavily on agricultural activities as their backbone for economic growth. However, many of them are unable to achieve sustainability because of increased poverty levels, whic h is linked with water scarcity. Many of them undergo severe famine because of prolonged drought and water related diseases. Therefore, distribution of safe and clean water will reduce over-competition on scarce water resources and exploitation of water resources, hence achievement of sustainable development. Moreover, the increased population growth rate contributes to an increased demand for water; thus, there is the need for Canadian government to supply adequate fresh water to the developing world. The world report on population reveals that many developing nations have the highest population rate and this contributes to associated problems such as competition for the available scarce resources, encroaching on the water resources areas such as wetlands and forested areas (Bundschuh & Hoinkis, 2012). Wetlands and forests play significant functions in maintaining natural resources, but overpopulation, pollution and competition for natural resources threaten the sustainability of s uch natural resources. Therefore, it is the role of Canadian government to work with other international policy makers to contribute to the global agenda of managing water resources and distributing quality water (Canada, 2005). They will provide access to technology and offer effective training programs in the key development areas of water resource management. This will benefit the developing nations, thus enabling them to access quality water and achieving

Presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 11

Presentation - Essay Example Two categories of workers, that is, those who are highly talented and those considered less competitive have found themselves benefiting either way. In slower economic times, the less active and semi passive takes up the opportunities left as the top talented pool moves to more secure top jobs. The process creates a counter balancing effect in the employment industry. Both the semi-active and the less half-passive candidates find themselves well occupied in the job market. Many companies have become very aggressive regardless of the economic cycle to enable them secure a large share of top talented candidates into their firms. The leading company that has complied with effort to become an employer of choice is the Google, a place that initially belonged to the Microsoft. McKinsey is holding the top spot as a consulting firm of choice. If you aspire to be a CPA, then Dolomite, PricewaterhouseCoopers, KPMG, and Ernst & Young are still the top four to join. The positions W. L. Gore, Legman’s and Genentech hold in the Fortune Magazine â€Å"Best 100 Places to Work† give them the advantage of attraction over other

Associate Program Material Essay Example for Free

Associate Program Material Essay Hard Drive Hard drives are complex storage devices in a computer. When installing a hard drive, you must consider numerous interface standards. You also must think about specific factors, such as the computer’s application, the type of motherboard, speed and noise, gigabyte barriers, subsystems, future storage needs, and archival issues. Refer to Ch. 8 of A+ Guide To Managing Maintaining Your PC for a deeper understanding of these issues. You may measure hard drive performance by looking at three different sources of information. The first is the data rate, the number of bytes per second the driver can deliver to the processor. The second is the seek time, the amount of time it takes when the processor requests information from the driver and the first byte of information is delivered to the processor. The third is the memory capacity of the hard drive. For this assignment, you replace the internal hard drives from the computer featured in the Computer Hardware Simulator (CHS). The current internal hard drives are old and starting to fail. You need to replace the current hard drives with similar drives or drives with more storage capacity. Search the Internet for three types of hard drives compatible with the CHS computer, and enter your information for each drive into the New Hard Drive Chart below. After comparing the two drives, make a recommendation on which you would purchase and justify your decision. You only have a budget of $45 to work with, so choose carefully.

Domestic Violence Essay -- Violence Against Women Essays

There is no question that domestic violence directed against women is a serious problem. Former U.S. Surgeon General Dr. C. Everett Koop has called it women’s number-one health problem. The statistics reported in the popular press are staggering: Nearly one third of women in hospital emergency departments are there due to domestic violence, three out of four female homicide victims are killed by their husbands or lovers, and 6 million women are victims of abuse by people they know each year (Journal of the American Medical Association June, 1992).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Let us begin by first defining what abuse is: abuse is the use or threat to use physical, sexual, or verbal behavior to coerce the partner to do something one wants; to degrade or humiliate; to gain or maintain a sense of power or control; to act out ones anger inappropriately. Abusive behaviors may include subtle or covert harm as well as life threatening acts of violence. Yet, it seems to be that violence against an intimate partner does not seem to be as serious as other crimes. We know this, because less than half of our states view marital rape as a crime (History of Governor’ Commission on Domestic Violence, 2001). The Governor’s Commission on Domestic Violence was established by the Weld/Cellucci administration in April 1992, shortly after domestic violence was declared a public health emergency in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Governor’s Commission on Domestic Violence leads the nation in its comprehensive and innovative appro ach to addressing the crime of domestic violence. Some of its many accomplishments include:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  State funding for domestic violence prevention and intervention initiatives including: resources for district attorney’s offices, battered women’s programs and emergency shelters, legal services, school based teen dating violence programs, certified batters intervention programs, and judicial training. For FY01, state funding totaled over $23.4 million dollars.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The publication of the Annual Prevention and Intervention Plan (House 1 budget) detailing domestic violence initiatives.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The support of progressive domestic violence legislation including Chapter 209A, stalking law, firearms legislation, and uniform enforcement of out of state restraining orders.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first state wide Domestic Violence Law Enforcement Guidelines.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The publication of... ... get the help they need. We are only failing our communities and ourselves by looking away from this social problem and leaving it to the family’s alone to solve for themselves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The violence will not simply stop, and it will not get better. Once it starts, it will happen more often and it will get progressively worse. No matter how much a battered woman loves her partner, she should know that she is in real danger. She has to ensure her own safety. Battered women’s centers, crisis intervention services, and family crisis centers have names like Counsel for Abused Families, Coalition Against Domestic Violence, Crisis Intervention Service, or Family Help Place. Family crisis centers provide hotlines that are open twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. If she cannot find a crisis center, she can call the police, sheriff, district attorneys, public library, or Salvation Army. The Salvation Army has kind and caring people who will help her without regard to her color, religion, or ethnic background. They can put her in touch with the people who can give her exactly the help she needs. A battered women must not stop until she finds that help. Her life depends on it!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Ap Language Essay

Foskuhl 1 Baxter J. Foskuhl Mrs. Murdock AP Language & Composition November 11, 2012 Our Dream The American Dream is a principle. Our American Dream is not written down, not created by our founding fathers. The American Dream is a set of beliefs that dictate much more societal change than the Government and even the Constitution. Since it is not written down or legalized, it can change, grow, and flourish however the people of this country decide it to. The American Dream does not prejudice by color or origin. It is not constrained by demographics nor can it be classified as a status.The dream cannot be amended, voted for, or killed. The word shalom comes from the language of Hebrew, meaning peace, community, home, love. Similarly, the American Dream is a belief that has multiple connotations: work, equal, freedom, wealth, opportunity. These meanings are constantly being redefined. Over time, however; the American Dream has come to being something different for every generation. The tremendous social changes that have happened within the last forty years have significantly changed the definition of the American Dream. For example, there were roughly 150 million people living in the United States.Since then, multiple recessions, social movements, technological leaps, all along with the current population of roughly 308 million has significantly altered the definition of the American Dream. The classic view of the Caucasian family of two kids, two cars, a white picket fence and a Labrador retriever is far from todays American Dream, and society as a whole. The American Dream does not just consist of white Foskuhl 2 families anymore. It does not fulfill to the assumption that men are allowed to abuse their wives, and keep them at home where they are â€Å"supposed† to be.Also, the American Dream most certainly does not promise the newest Ford every year. The Dream is the couple who recently adopted an adorable Asian baby. The Dream is the recently immigrate d Hispanic family who can breathe fresh air, drink clear water, and live safely. Even more, the American Dream is a principle of hope, from the poor city kid who strives to be a Doctor, to the Hawaiian-born scholar destined to become the leader of the free world. The idea of the American Dream has influenced arts, film, politics, literature, etc. , etc. For example, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses Jay Gatsby to portray the American Dream in the 1920’s.In the novel, Meyer Wolfshiem talks about how he raised Gatsby up from nothing, a key component of the American Dream. Wolfshiem shows this when he says â€Å"’I raised him up out of nothing, right out of the gutters†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Fitzgerald 171). The process of going from rags to riches is one of the core concepts of the American Dream. Fitzgerald also displays the American Dream as money, wealth, the â€Å"better† life. Fitzgerald shows Gatsby as a man wealth when Nick says â€Å"The one on my right was a colossal af fair by any standard- it was a factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Fitzgerald 5).The kind of American Dream that Fitzgerald portrays in the 1920’s is one of wealth as achievement and coming up from practically nothing to achieve so. Jay Gatsby was a simple Minnesotan boy with not too much given to him, who, as Fitzgerald would have it, climbed his path and attained a status of wealth. This was the symbol of achievement in the 1920’s. Jay Gatsby’s attainment of wealth represents Fitzgerald’s portrayal of the American Dream in the 1920’s. Foskuhl 3 The portrayal of the American Dream as presented in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s the Great Gatsby does not hold true in today’s society.I believe that the significant difference is while the 1920’s American Dream is one of attaining the quantity of money; the 21st century American Dream values the quality of life, and the equal pursuit of happiness. Currently, I think the American Dream is not about having millions of dollars or a white picket fence with Lassie in the front. A more modern American Dream is one about having the choice to who you love, the opportunity for education regardless of your intellectual ability or income level, and financial security. Today's American Dream is about peace, safety, equality, opportunity, and not trying to become the 1%.

Wal Mart

What are the potential effects of computerized scheduling on employee morale? The first one is that this gives more flexibility to the store managers. They can now work more effectively because the system favours productivity and customer satisfaction. Therefore from a managerial point of view, managers are more satisfied with the new system. However, the system generates a schedule that gives more flexibility to workers but less pay checks. Indeed, the workers are no more stable because their working schedule can fluctuate at any time. Therefore, job insecurity increases and the worker cannot feel at ease because he cannot plan his week.Besides, the irregular working hours put the workers in more difficulty in their social life. Moreover, the system gives opportunities for the managers not to give overtime or full-time wages to the workers. These ones will be tensed because they will need more working hours in other to put bread on the table in their households. We can assume that W al-Mart, being the company that gives the lowest wage rate in the US, people that work for this company need money in order to survive in society. So this system turns out to be not at all beneficial morally for the employees.Finally, we can assert that this system gives more power to the managers to fire employees who do not fit into the computerized system. Therefore, the level of employee satisfaction goes down. What are the consequences of these effects for Wal-Mart? The first consequence of this effect is that it gives very bad publicity to Wal-Mart. Indeed, Wal-Mart was known to be the company that gives the lowest wage rate in the US. Moreover, from a social point a view, it was observed that the workers were mainly people from the low class and were from Hispanic origin.So before the new computerized system, Wal-Mart was not a renowned company for its social ways of doing. Now, people will know that the company has given even more insecurity to its cheap labour. The second c onsequence is that the company might have more difficulties to find workers because people will know that the job insecurity has increased. For instance, a company like Walt Disney also gives a low level of wages but the firm gives social benefits (medical aid and social security). This company will therefore be more attractive although it has a computerized system to schedule the workers’ hours.Therefore, Wal-Mart will have competitive disadvantages to find cheap labour because they do not consider the worker’s point of view The last consequence is that from a legal point of view, the company has been criticized. Indeed, the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 says that workers cannot be used as an article of commerce. Therefore, people are now saying that the company is using its workers as objects. This goes against Human rights and it gives an awful image to the firm. This gives a lack of credibility to the company and shame to its shareholders. Wal Mart What are the potential effects of computerized scheduling on employee morale? The first one is that this gives more flexibility to the store managers. They can now work more effectively because the system favours productivity and customer satisfaction. Therefore from a managerial point of view, managers are more satisfied with the new system. However, the system generates a schedule that gives more flexibility to workers but less pay checks. Indeed, the workers are no more stable because their working schedule can fluctuate at any time. Therefore, job insecurity increases and the worker cannot feel at ease because he cannot plan his week.Besides, the irregular working hours put the workers in more difficulty in their social life. Moreover, the system gives opportunities for the managers not to give overtime or full-time wages to the workers. These ones will be tensed because they will need more working hours in other to put bread on the table in their households. We can assume that W al-Mart, being the company that gives the lowest wage rate in the US, people that work for this company need money in order to survive in society. So this system turns out to be not at all beneficial morally for the employees.Finally, we can assert that this system gives more power to the managers to fire employees who do not fit into the computerized system. Therefore, the level of employee satisfaction goes down. What are the consequences of these effects for Wal-Mart? The first consequence of this effect is that it gives very bad publicity to Wal-Mart. Indeed, Wal-Mart was known to be the company that gives the lowest wage rate in the US. Moreover, from a social point a view, it was observed that the workers were mainly people from the low class and were from Hispanic origin.So before the new computerized system, Wal-Mart was not a renowned company for its social ways of doing. Now, people will know that the company has given even more insecurity to its cheap labour. The second c onsequence is that the company might have more difficulties to find workers because people will know that the job insecurity has increased. For instance, a company like Walt Disney also gives a low level of wages but the firm gives social benefits (medical aid and social security). This company will therefore be more attractive although it has a computerized system to schedule the workers’ hours.Therefore, Wal-Mart will have competitive disadvantages to find cheap labour because they do not consider the worker’s point of view The last consequence is that from a legal point of view, the company has been criticized. Indeed, the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 says that workers cannot be used as an article of commerce. Therefore, people are now saying that the company is using its workers as objects. This goes against Human rights and it gives an awful image to the firm. This gives a lack of credibility to the company and shame to its shareholders.

Communication In Health And Social Care Organisations Social Work Essays

Communication In Health And Social Care Organisations Social Work Essays Communication In Health And Social Care Organisations Social Work Essay Communication In Health And Social Care Organisations Social Work Essay Language in peculiar and communicating in general, permeates every facet of peoples lives. It is of import in everything that a individual does, in whatever profession an person might be in. It fosters greater apprehension every bit good the possibility of set uping better relationships between the parties which are pass oning. This paper seeks to turn to the issue by the proviso of the theories of communicating which are applicable in wellness and societal attention, how to utilize effectual communicating accomplishments in such a context, methods of covering with inappropriate communicating patterns, schemes for effectual communicating, and the benefits and necessitate to be engaged in effectual and efficient communicating patterns, particularly in the context of the said profession. The writer will qualify important factors which are assumed to be extremely influential in the procedure of communicating include civilization, values, statute laws, and other ordinances which govern the pattern of the profession. The writer will besides supply suggestions on how the communicating procedure can be improved so that it can be more utile in the field of wellness and societal attention. Furthermore, the writer will discourse the criterion package which are used by the wellness and societal workers in their profession, an analysis of the benefits which were brought approximately by such applications, provide an analysis of how such engineering enhances activities in the profession, and measure the legal considerations which are critical to be understood in the application of the information and communicating engineering. The writer will further discourse the nature of the workplace where the writer is working. The organisation provides attention services for clients with physical and mental disablements and for clients with dementedness. Four theoretical attacks in the pattern of wellness and societal attention will be highlighted in this subdivision: psychodynamic, behaviorist, humanistic and cognitive. The chief foundation of the psychodynamic theory to communicating is grounded on the plants of Sigmund Freud. This does non affect merely a individual theory but stems to a figure of other theories which were all grounded on the foundations of the work of Freud. This theory combines those which are associated to mind which includes non merely the head but the full inner feelings, ideas and experiences and kineticss which refer to the impression that mind is non stable, instead active. Harmonizing to this theory, communicating with the person s ego is really critical as it is the foundation of that individual s communicating patterns to others. One of the basic premises on this theory is that the person is the writer of his ain history ; hence, the person s earliest experiences form the foundations of how that ind ividual trades with others. Such can be modified along the procedure. Another basic premise is that the single lives in two universes at the same clip, internal and external. The internal universe is unconscious while the external is controlled. The theory besides assumes that all behavior is logical and acted upon with intent. These factors are extremely influential with how the single communicates in wellness and societal attention puting ( Ellis et al. , 2003 ) . Another theory which can be noted is the behaviorist theory. The chief foundation of this theory is the impression that all behavior is mostly based on learnt responses about specific stimulations. This can be able to explicate the method of linguistic communication acquisition such as that of the imitative response wherein the baby imitates the sound which is made by the wellness or societal professional, who, on the other manus, reinforces the behavior of the baby. This theory focuses on behavior and foreground the present and the hereafter ( Ellis et al. , 2003 ) . The 3rd theory which will be considered in this paper is the humanistic attack. Under this theory, the individual is the high spot of involvement rejecting the significance of behavior and the unconscious urges which result from the past. Two of the theories which are under this attack are the person-centred theory and the transactional analysis. The former high spots the importance of childhood and current experiences in life while the latter reiterates the significance of personality, kid development, societal psychological science, and abnormal psychology ( Sully A ; Dallas, 2005 ) . Harmonizing to Carl Rogers ( 1902-1987 ) , Peoples are basically trusty, that they have a huge potency for understanding themselves and deciding their ain jobs without direct intercession on the healer s portion, and that they are capable of autonomous growing if they are involved in a specific sort of curative relationship. In relation to wellness attention context, the end of this theory is to do the clients go more unfastened in their ain personal experience, to accept themselves in all facet, and to minimise things that might dispute their construct of ego. To accomplish this, there must be a good relationship between the healer and the client. The healer must be realistic but non violative, accepting but critical to the misconduct of the client. Trust between the healer and the client is of import so the client will non experience societal distance graduated table. It is fundamentally understanding and accepting the client as a whole being, non judging the client s drosss. The 4th is the societal cognitive theory. Harmonizing to Bandura ( 1986 ) , persons obtain more information through experimental acquisition. At place, how a parent would foster their kid can be an environmental factor that influences the kid the manner he behaves. Learning starts from the place whereby a kid imitates the people around him. Behaviour so is being shaped and as the kid grows ; his natural wonder is reinforced by his motive to larn. The societal cognitive theory explains the interaction between the individual and the environment which involves cognitive competences such as accomplishment that are developed and modified by societal influences and constructions within the environment such as parents and society. Use OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS There are many ways to pass on ; it could be verbal, non-verbal, composing and listening. Verbal communicating is used when giving information or making preparations, on the telephone, manus over and when speaking face to face with a client. For verbal communicating, there are things to see like the tone of voice, pitch and speak on the same degree, neer talk with your dorsum on your client. Non-verbal communicating is used for clients who have trouble hearing, deaf and deaf-and-dumb person. Factors to bear in head are facial look, manus gestures, physical visual aspect and organic structure position. Aidss that might assist communicating are the usage of symbols, image cards and communicating board or composing tablet. The art of good hearing is practiced by allowing the clients speak in their ain gait and giving them clip to show themselves. Transmission of information becomes effectual by acquiring the message across clearly and reflects on how the message was conveyed. The benefits of effectual and efficient communicating accomplishments in the pattern of wellness and societal attention can be highlighted by how it is used in the profession. One of the utilizations of communicating in this field is to further the growing and development of the pattern. It must be noted that communicating does non merely exist between the wellness professional and the client. It is besides apparent between wellness professionals themselves. Communication can be used in this field to be assured that advanced thoughts, tendencies, and best patterns are shared amongst the health care professionals and societal workers for the improvement of their profession ( Santy A ; Smith, 2007 ) . Communication can besides be used in the context of wellness and societal attention to be able to advance an protagonism. This sort of communicating is frequently utilised in mediums like advertizements on print and other channels. The usage of media for wellness publicity runs is really convincing that people understand healthy life and what is best for them. Last, it has besides been noted that communicating can be used in the wellness and societal attention puting to be able to further partnership with clients or patients, handle them with regard, provide patients with self-esteem, proviso of practical aid and advice sing their status, stimulate their rational development, better the client s sense of self-being or dignity, fulfill the physical, emotional, and societal demands of the patients and to be antiphonal of their demands ( Haworth A ; Forshaw, 2002 ) . Dealing WITH INAPPROPRIATE INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION To be able to harvest the benefits of a good communicating pattern, wellness and societal workers must be able to properly trade with any inappropriate communicating patterns. For case, any barrier to communicating should be resolved as such can ensue into misinterpretation in the professional pattern. An illustration of a factor which can be a hinderance to good communicating pattern would be civilization and linguistic communication itself. Professionals in the field of wellness and societal attention should see to it that both parties understand each other, particularly when determination devising is involved. The usage of slangs should be limited as it can take into inappropriate communicating taking into misconstruing. Another factor which can be considered as an inappropriate pattern in communicating in the context of wellness and societal attention is privateness. Patients are private persons, their records should hence be held with confidentiality and there should be no prese nce of breach of contract as good between practicians or professionals. Health and societal workers have the built-in responsibility to non unwrap any information without the cognition of all the parties which are concerned. The deficiency of trust of the patient to the medical worker can besides be a barrier to effectual communicating. Last, the deficiency of cognition can besides function as another barrier to communicating ( King A ; Wheeler, 2007 ) . Scheme TO SUPPORT USERS To be able to be potentially engaged in efficient and effectual communicating patterns, as a carer Assorted FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE COMMUNICATION PROCESS IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE VALUES AND CULTURE Two of the factors which are assumed to be extremely influential in the communicating procedure, specifically in the field of wellness and societal attention, are values and civilization. These may include factors which are related in demographics such as age, gender, race, educational and economic position, and besides beliefs, among others. Culture, which can be defined as the identifiable incorporate form of human behavior that includes imposts, beliefs, values, behaviors, and communications ( Servellen, 1997 ) , is said to be extremely influential in this field fundamentally because they arise from about every group that are involved in the communicating procedure. In undertaking the issue of civilization and its influence in the communicating procedure, one of the factors which should be understood are the sub-groups, for case, Asiatic. Among the Asiatic civilizations, people from different states have assorted attacks to pass oning. For case, in the Vietnamese civilization, s peaking is customary. Professionals who are working with people who are accustomed to the Vietnamese civilization must be able to take such cultural factor into history so that the communicating procedure can be carried out more expeditiously and more handily. Another factor which should be understood on this note is cultural individuality. One of the inclusions in this individuality is the fact that all people are influenced by cultural scheduling which makes it indispensable to hold an apprehension of that civilization so that communicating can be carried out better ( Servellen, 1997 ) . As mentioned earlier, one of the dimensions of civilization and values which influence the communicating procedure is gender. Men and adult females are of course equipped with differences and such can be reflected in the manner they engage themselves into the procedure of communicating. Having different communicating manners base on gender, reading may besides change in both sexes. Health and societal workers should be cognizant of these differences so that they will be sensitive on how to cover with each patient or client. One of the key to understand these differences is to be an active hearer so that the professional can be able to better understand the patient. The same is true with age and ethnicity. Communication with aged should be done on a different attack wherein the wellness or societal worker should show more regard. A different attack is besides given when pass oning with the younger 1s. Furthermore, each nationality besides has different attacks to communicating. Some v erbal and non-verbal communicating techniques might be appropriate for other civilizations while it may turn out to be rude for some. These should be understood clearly so that there will be no misunderstanding and confusion with respects to the transmittal of the message ( Basavanthappa, 2004 ) . LEGISLATION, CHARTERS, AND CODES OF PRACTICE Despite the fact that communicating in the field of wellness and societal attention is extremely influenced by civilization and values, it has besides influenced the being and judicial admissions which are provided by statute laws, charters, and codifications of pattern. The establishment is frequently left with no option but to follow such judicial admissions as it is a legal demand in the context of their pattern. One of the most of import factors by which statute laws and charters influence communicating techniques can be demonstrated by the fact that such allows the proviso of equality. The bing Torahs which govern the pattern of wellness and societal attention are based on the rule of equality which does non let favoritism of any party, be it a patient or a wellness or societal worker. For case, statute laws such as those which provide just employment, sex favoritism Acts of the Apostless, race dealingss, and others are some of the Torahs which demonstrate and influence in professional pattern. These Torahs serve as the foundation of the behavior of the healthcare professional and organize the footing of how they act and how they communicate. The serious effects of traveling against such statute laws will be undeniably a critical factor in the observation of a good communicating pattern ( Cambridge Training A ; Development, 2000 ) . The Data Protection Act 1984 is a good illustration which demonstrates statute laws in good communicating pattern in the field of wellness and societal attention. This can be able to supply protection to information which are assumed confidential and should be used entirely for the intents known by the individuals involved. Service users could perchance show loss of trust from the service suppliers if confidential information are leaked doing it of import for Torahs to supply protection for such. Certain statute laws are besides made available to supply equality and anti-discrimination in the workplace. These factors are extremely influential in determining the communicating pattern and activities of people in wellness and societal attention ( Moonie, 2005 ) . Furthermore, the judicial admissions in the codification of pattern and moralss in a certain establishment are besides extremely influential in communicating patterns particularly in consideration of the fact that they can impact confidentiality and privateness of information. For case, the usage and entree to the cyberspace for wellness and societal workers are frequently limited and defined by codifications of behavior, depending upon the establishment, to be assured of good communicating patterns and work moralss. The usage of other technological AIDSs can besides be regulated by bing regulations and ordinances to be able to protect the rights of the establishment, the workers, the patients, and the populace in general ( Martin, 2003 ) . ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS AND POLICIES For all concerned parties to be engaged in effectual and efficient communicating patterns, one factor which can be considered as indispensable would be effectual organisational systems and policies. These systems and policies will be able to determine the communicating activities and will do it more appropriate and meaningful. Health and societal attention establishments need to develop systems and policies which can further good communicating. This can include factors which are related to certification, information systems, constitution of processs and patterns. For case, the development of a dynamic and advanced information system can show effectivity and efficiencies in the assorted activities which are undertaken. In the absence of such systems, it will be extremely impossible to convey and portion information which might turn out to be important in the profession. For case, at Ashleigh Court Rest Home, policies are purely implemented. Stated below are some of the policies that t he place adheres with: Whistle Blowing Policy this papers has been written to follow with the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998, which was introduced to protect employees who blow the whistling about any error. The policy gives clear counsel to all members of staff sing the right process for conveying to attending any error or suspected wrongdoing which they feel could impact the repute of the place, other members of staff, visitants, occupants or any other organisation or individuals connected with the place. The policy outlines committedness to openness and good communications. Strong-arming In The Workplace The place believes that all staff have the right to work in an environment that is free from strong-arming, torment or bullying, from either co-workers or direction. The place seeks to enable staff to bask their work and carry through their personal and professional potency, by making and prolonging a stimulating and supportive work environment. It is recognised that staff who feel powerless, vulnerable or even persecuted will non be able to give of their best work or work successfully. Prevention of Accidents The place to the full accepts the duty to guarantee that all sensible stairss and safeguards are taken to supply and keep safe and healthy working conditions, which comply with all statutory demands and codifications of pattern. The place to the full supports and complies with the relevant National Minimum Standards and Regulations, which relate to the publicity and protection of the wellness, safety and public assistance of service users and staff. It is recognised, nevertheless, that even in the safest of working environments, accidents will happen, from clip to clip. Where and when this does go on, the Registered Providers ( employers ) will stay by the demands of The Health and Safety at work Act 1974. As such, employers must, by jurisprudence, notify certain classs of accidents, specified instances of sick wellness and specified unsafe happenings to the Health and Safety Executive or the Local Authority to follow with the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 ( RIDDOR ) . By set abouting these presentments, the place will non merely be run intoing the legal demands but will be able to find local spiels and causes of accidents, so that preventative steps can be put in topographic point to forestall return. A written record such as Accident/Incident Report will be kept, of any accident, nevertheless minor, which occurs in the place. Policy on Racial Harassment Every Service User has the right to populate and every staff member has the right to work in the place without the menace of racial torment, favoritism or maltreatment. Any happenings of this nature will non be tolerated and culprits will be capable to disciplinary processs. The place to the full upholds the rules and counsel of the Race Relations Act 1976 and the Protection from Harassment Act 1997. Racial torment is any behavior, deliberate or otherwise, refering to race, coloring material, cultural or national beginning, which is unwanted by the receiver and creates an intimidating, hostile or violative environment. It may include racialist gags or abuses, opprobrious remarks about racial beginnings and clamber coloring material and ridicule of an person on cultural and/or spiritual evidences. IMPROVING COMMUNICATION PROCESS Health and societal workers must be perpetually engaged in the betterment and development of the communicating procedure to be better in their profession. One of the ways by which such can be improved is through the proviso of security of information. In this manner, privateness and confidentiality can be achieved and it can to assist forestall any misinterpretation and confusion in the communicating procedure. Furthermore, the communicating procedure can besides be improved through the proviso of dynamic and sustainable regulations which relate to certification, presentation, and usage of end products and studies so that their intent can be maximized by its users and suppliers. The proviso of technological AIDSs and communicating tools can besides assist better such procedure. Furthermore, the followers are other ways by which communicating can be improved in the wellness and societal attention puting: supply communicating entree to individuals with troubles ; be cognizant of the as sorted communicating barriers and develop schemes by which they can be minimized or reduced at an acceptable degree ; teach workers about moralss and values related to communicating patterns ; and strict preparation and instruction to heighten workers cognition about effectual and efficient communicating. There is a demand to do service suppliers understand what are the procedures and activities involved in the complex communicating procedure and the demand to learn them to be active hearers. By making the earlier mentioned, the wellness and societal attention workers can hold an improved communicating procedure and it can further greater apprehension and construct better relationships between suppliers and users ( Malone, 2005 ) . EXPLORING THE USE OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE STANDARD I.T. Software The activities in the proviso of wellness and societal service would non be possible to transport in the absence of assorted I.T package and applications. Some of these include: word-processing, spreadsheets, presentations, cyberspace, intranet, and electronic mail. These tools are assumed to hold critical significance in the profession as it helps in the completion of daily activities in the organisation. Word processing is of import because it allows the creative activity, redacting, reading, and amendment of assorted paperss which might turn out to be critical with wellness and societal attention work. If these paperss are handwritten, there is no signifier of standardisation and it will be difficult to understand every bit good as excessively slow to carry through. Therefore, word processing is considered as one of the most important I.T. package bundle as it allows easiness in work and reduces the strength of labor in the creative activity of paperss. Spreadsheet, on the other manus, allows them to make mathematical computations with easiness as it has formulas which can do their plants easier while presentations allow them to fix and present ocular presentations in order to pass on better. The cyberspace and intranet is besides a good tool as it allows connectivity between the web of users within the organisation and through the Earth utilizing the cyberspace. Last, e-mailing wou ld let them to interchange information within each other and portion paperss in the workplace ( Cook, 2006 ) . One of the most advanced application of information and communicating engineering in the field of wellness and societal attention is through telecare which is a business-to-consumer service proviso without personal interaction as it merely completed on channels such as telephones and computing machines. This includes services which are related to wellness and societal attention such as machine-controlled assignment reminders and client monitoring services at place. Traditionally, these things are done by trained professionals at the client s place until the origin of engineering which defies distance and allows greater interaction between the users and suppliers ( Niman et al. , 2006 ) . BENEFITS OF USING ICT The usage of information and communicating engineering would hold non proliferated in the field of wellness and societal attention if it did non conveying legion benefits and advantages to the organisation, users, suppliers, and the general populace. One of the benefits is the truth of records. Because of the usage of the assorted applications of information and communicating engineering, it will be easier to hold readily available information about the status of the client and it will be easier for the staff to supply an reply to the concerns of the patients. The wellness professionals are besides able to bask the benefits of information and communicating engineering because such allows them to hold safe, modern, and speedy IT systems which can assist them in their modus operandi, it allows them to use clip more expeditiously, and it allows the possibility of distant monitoring ( Gillies, 2006 ) . Information and communicating engineering is besides good in the field of wellness and societal attention because it allows the possibility of run intoing single demands, it provides easiness in the disposal of intervention processs, it makes the administrative patterns more efficient, records and certification can be more accurate, it fosters better communicating, and it promotes independency. Information and communicating engineering besides provides coaction among users and suppliers which necessarily leads into more efficient service bringing ( Leathard, 2003 ) . ENHANCING ACTIVITIES OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE WORKERS Information and communicating engineering demonstrates the possibility of heightening the activities by which wellness and societal attention workers are engaged. This is assumed to be done through the undermentioned ways: efficiency in concern disposal, run intoing the demands of the employees, bettering the quality of service, answerability, and run intoing what is required from them. Because of information and communicating engineering, the field of wellness and societal work is able to see increased efficiency. The usage of assorted tools associated to such signifier of engineering has allowed them to be engaged into better patterns in their profession. For case, the cyberspace and the intranet, along with the methods by which certification has improved, are all seen as extremely contributory to the betterment of concern disposal. Service has besides seen a dramatic betterment because of the applications of the said engineering. Because of such, it is easier to entree records and information, although such has besides been limited by bing statute laws to protect privateness and to advance confidentiality. Legislation To be assured that the usage of information and communicating engineering is maximized and non damaging to the society, certain statute laws, both internal and external to the company besides exist to regulate information and communicating patterns in the field of wellness and societal attention. The Data Protection Act provides limitations and restrictions on the usage and entree of personal information, particularly those of the clients or the patients. Some of this information includes personal information, medical records, intervention history, and recognition information. Record maintaining is really of import and should non be underestimated. Disclosing of information is tantamount to breach of confidentiality. Furthermore, another statute law which is assumed to be important in the usage of information and communicating engineering is the Entree to Personal Files Act 1987 which stipulates general considerations with respects to entree to personal information, specifically those informations which relate to societal services. In add-on to these statute laws, Access to Medical Reports Act 1988 has besides been provided to give right to entree into medical studies for the intent of employment or for insurance. The client, under this statute law, is besides endowed with the right to see the information before it is supplied and can besides be capable for rectification. Last, another of import statute law is the Access to Health Records Act 1990 which is more concerned about records which could be accessed manually. It gives the client or any other representative the right of entree to medical records, in whatever signifier, electronic or manual ( Jones A ; Jenkins, 2004 ) . Furthermore, to ma intain information within the bounds of the workplace, delivery of storage devices are besides limited so as the suppliers can non reassign any information about the service users which can be leaked and used for intents which are non under the consent of the parties concerned ( Moss, 2008 ) . RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS Technology has brought a figure of benefits realized in the wellness and societal attention sector such as run intoing the person needs, easiness of disposal of processs, doing efficient administrative patterns, accurate certification, and furthering a more dynamic communicating pattern. Information and communicating engineering besides enhances activities of wellness and societal worker such as by bettering efficiency of service, answerability, and quality of end products. To be able to prosecute in a more meaningful communicating pattern, there is a demand to be cognizant and to understand the bing differences in civilization and values because they will be able to further better relationships. There is a demand for uninterrupted betterment procedure in communicating by being able to place ways by which such could be improved. The wellness and societal attention sector needs to place, without a arrest, ways by which communicating can be improved, so that the profession, in general, can besides be improved.

Why Obama Won the 08 Presidential Election

Why Obama Won the 08 Presidential Election Barack Obama decisively won the presidential election, for many solid reasons and due to many factors, including weaknesses of his Republican opponent, Sen. John McCain. This article enumerates and explains the five top reasons why Obama won win the 2008 race to become the 44th President of the United States. Reasons Why Barack Obama Won the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election Reason #1 - Empathy and Genuine Help for Middle-Class Americans Barack Obama gets what it means for a family to worry financially, to work hard simply to make it, and to do without essentials. Obama was born to a teenage mother, abandoned by his father at age two, and raised largely in a small apartment by his middle-class grandparents. At one point, Obama, his mother, and younger sister relied on food stamps to put meals on the family table. Michelle Obama, close counselor and best friend to her husband, and her brother were similarly raised in modest circumstances in a one-bedroom apartment on the south side of Chicago. Both Barack and Michelle Obama speak frequently about what it means for middle-class Americans to be at a disadvantage financially and otherwise. Because they get it, both Obamas refer with heartfelt eloquence to middle-class fears, including to: the climbing unemployment ratethe staggering home foreclosure rate gripping the nationcrashing 401(k) and pension plans, leaving retirements in limbo48 million Americans without healthcare insurancehigh percentages of public schools failing our childrenthe continuing struggle of middle-class families to balance work and parenting demands In vivid contrast, John and particularly Cindy McCain exude an aura of financial insularity and well-heeled elegance. Both were born wealthy, and have been quite wealthy for their entire lives. When cornered by Pastor Rick Warren several months ago, John McCain defined rich as I think if youre just talking about income, how about 5 million. Middle-class anger is palpable about economic fairness in these unusually tough financial times, and subsequent to what many viewed as President Bushs $700 billion bailout of rich Wall Streeters. Obama offered actual, understandable policy solutions to help middle-class Americans, including: a detailed 12-point program to repair the economy for middle-class families, including a $1,000 tax cut, creation of 5 million new jobs, protection of family homes from foreclosure, and reform of unfair bankruptcy laws.a Small Business Emergency Rescue Plan which includes emergency lending for small and family-owned businesses, special tax incentives, and tax cuts, and expansion of Small Business Administration support and services.a specific plan to reform Wall Street practices, including new regulation of the financial markets, to blunt the greedy influence of special interests, crackdown on manipulation of financial markets, and more. John McCains tin ear on middle-class financial woes were evident in his prescription for the economy: more tax-cuts for major corporations, and continuation of the Bush tax cuts for U.S. millionaires. And this McCain stance is consistent with his stated desires to slash Medicare and privatize Social Security. The American public is fed-up with failed Bush/McCain economics, which claim that prosperity will eventually trickle down to everyone else. Obama won the presidential race largely because voters correctly perceive that he, and not John McCain, care about and will address middle-class economic struggles and inequities. Reason #2 - Steady Leadership and Calm Temperament As of October 21, 2008, Barack Obama earned more than 120 newspaper endorsements, versus 33 for John McCain. Without exception, every Obama endorsement referred to his presidential-like personal and leadership qualities. And all echo the same basics about Obamas calm, steady, thoughtful nature, versus McCains impetuousness and unpredictability. Explained  The Salt Lake Tribune, which has rarely endorsed a Democrat for president: Under the most intense scrutiny and attacks from both parties, Obama has shown the temperament, judgment, intellect and political acumen that are essential in a president that would lead the United States out of the crises created by President Bush, a complicit Congress and our own apathy. Summed  The Los Angeles Times: We need a leader who demonstrates thoughtful calm and grace under pressure, one not prone to volatile gesture or capricious pronouncement... as the presidential race draws to its conclusion, it is Obamas character and temperament that come to the fore. It is his steadiness. His maturity. And from  The Chicago Tribune, founded in 1847, which has never before endorsed a Democrat for the presidency: We have tremendous confidence in his intellectual rigor, his moral compass and his ability to make sound, thoughtful, careful decisions. He is ready... Obama is deeply grounded in the best aspirations of this country, and we need to return to those aspirations.... He has risen with his honor, grace and civility intact. He has the intelligence to understand the grave economic and national security risks that face us, to listen to good advice and make careful decisions. In contrast, during the past two months of the 08 presidential campaign, John McCain acted (and overreacted) inconsistently, unpredictably, and without forethought. Two examples of McCains unsteady leadership were his erratic behavior during the financial markets meltdown, and in his poorly-vetted pick of Sarah Palin as his running mate. John McCain served as the perfect foil to highlight Obamas solidly grounded leadership skills. Obamas even-keel temperament made him seem well-suited to be President for these troubled, turbulent times. And the mere image of ultra-volatile, careless John McCain in the White House was enough to scare the majority of the electorate into supporting Obama. Reason #3 - Fair, Cost-Effective Health Care Insurance Americans were finally fed-up enough with the unfairness of health care delivery in this country, to be ready to make the issue a priority in selecting a president. The U.S. is the only wealthy, industrialized nation that does not have a universal health care system. As a result, in 2008, more than 48 million U.S. men, women, and children have no healthcare insurance. Despite being ranked #1 in health care spending by the World Health Organization (WHO), the U.S. was ranked  72nd among 191 nations  in 2000 in overall level of health of its citizens. And the state of U.S. healthcare deteriorated further under the Bush administration. Barack Obamas health care plan and policies will fairly ensure that every American will have access to good quality medical care services. John McCains health care plan was a stunningly radical scheme that will: still exclude millions of the uninsured,raise income taxes for most American families and,in the opinion of most experts, causes millions of employers to drop health care policies for their employees. And unbelievably, McCain wanted to deregulate the healthcare insurance industry, much as Republicans disastrously deregulated U.S. financial markets under President George Bush. Obamas Health Care Plan Briefly, Obama will make available a new plan to all Americans, including the self-employed and small businesses, to buy affordable health coverage that is similar to the plan available to members of Congress. The new plan will include: Guaranteed eligibilityNo one will be turned away from any insurance plan because of illness or pre-existing conditionsComprehensive benefitsAffordable premiums, co-pays, and deductiblesEasy enrollmentPortability and choice Employers that do not offer or make a significant contribution to the cost of quality health coverage for their employees will be required to contribute a percentage of payroll toward the costs of this plan. Most small businesses will be exempt from this mandate. The Obama plan requires only that all children have health care coverage. McCains Health Care Plan John McCains health care plan was designed to control health care costs and to deregulate, and thus enrich, the healthcare industry, and is not necessarily designed to offer health care coverage to the uninsured. For consumers, the McCain plan: required that insurance policies from employers be included in employees taxable income, along with salary and bonuses, thereby causing employees income taxes to increase;then provided a $5,000 tax credit to partially offset increased income taxes;deleted the employee health care insurance income tax deduction for all employers. Innumerable experts predicted that these massive McCain changes would: cause the taxable income of the average family of four to rise by about $7,000;cause employers to drop health care insurance for employees;would cause an increase, not decrease, in Americans without health care coverage. McCains plan was intended to push millions of Americans into the market to buy their own individual health care policies, which will be offered by a newly deregulated healthcare insurance industry. Newsweek reported, The Tax Policy Center estimates that 20 million workers will leave the employer-based system, not always voluntarily. Midsize and smaller companies are likely to drop their plans... CNN/Money added, McCain sorely lacks a plan for people in their 50s without corporate benefits, and Americans with pre-existing conditions, who would be brutally stripped of coverage if insurance crosses state lines. Observed blogger Jim MacDonald, The result... won’t be healthy competition that will lower costs for everyone. It’ll be higher costs and fewer options for the poor, the old, and the sick. That is, the people who need health care. Young, healthy, rich people won’t be affected... Obamas Plan: The Only Viable Choice In summary, Obamas plan, in which long-time health care advocate Hillary Clinton will be deeply involved, will fairly and inexpensively ensure that all Americans have access to quality health care services, but without the government providing those services. McCains so-called health care plan was intended to free the business community from providing for its employees, to enrich the healthcare insurance industry, and increase income taxes for all Americans. But not to provide health care services for the uninsured. For anyone who valued their health care insurance, Barack Obama was the only viable choice for president. Reason #4 - Withdrawal of Combat Troops from Iraq Barack Obama bested Hillary Clinton by a small margin for the 08 Democratic presidential nomination due mainly to their differing positions on the Iraq War, especially at the wars inception in 2002. Sen. Hillary Clinton  voted YES in 2002  to give the Bush administration authorization to attack and invade Iraq. Sen. Clinton rightfully believes that Congress was misled by Bush, and after a while, she admitted her regret for her vote. But Clintons 2002 support for the unpopular war was brutal fact. In contrast, Barack Obama famously  spoke out in late 2002 against the Iraq War  before Congress voted, declaring: I dont oppose all wars. What I am opposed to is a dumb war. What I am opposed to is a rash war. What I am opposed to is the cynical attempt... to shove their own ideological agendas down our throats, irrespective of the costs in lives lost and in hardships borne. What I am opposed to is the attempt by political hacks like Karl Rove to distract us from a rise in the uninsured, a rise in the poverty rate, a drop in the median income, to distract us from corporate scandals and a stock market that has just gone through the worst month since the Great Depression. Obama on the Iraq War Obamas stance on the Iraq War  is unambiguous: he plans to immediately begin to remove our troops from Iraq. He will remove one to two combat brigades each month, and have all of our combat brigades out of Iraq within 16 months. Under an Obama administration, the U.S. will not build or maintain any permanent bases in Iraq. He, of course, plans to temporarily maintain some non-combat troops in Iraq to protect our embassy and diplomats, and to complete the training of Iraq troops and police forces, as necessary. Also, Obama plans to launch the most aggressive diplomatic effort in recent American history to reach a new compact on the stability of Iraq and the Middle East. This effort will include all of Iraq’s neighbors, including Iran and Syria. McCain on the Iraq War McCain, a third generation Naval officer, voted in 2002 to give President Bush full authority to attack and invade Iraq. And hes continually served as supporter and cheerleader for the U.S. War in Iraq, albeit with occasional objections to strategies. At the 08 Republican Convention and on the campaign trail, McCain and running mate Gov. Palin frequently proclaimed a goal of victory in Iraq and scoff at withdrawal timetables as foolish and premature. McCains website proclaimed ... it is strategically and morally essential for the U.S. to support the Government of Iraq to become capable of governing itself and safeguarding its people. He strongly disagrees with those who advocate withdrawing American troops before that has occurred. McCain took this stance: despite the  $12 billion monthly pricetag  to U.S. taxpayers;despite the fact that the Iraqi government has a substantial budgetary surplus;despite mounting deaths and permanent maimings of U.S. soldiers;despite exhaustion of U.S armed forces;despite the crippling effect the Iraq War has on U.S. armed forces abilities to address other conflicts and emergencies. General Colin Powell, former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and former Secretary of State, disagreed with McCain, as did General Wesley Clark, former Supreme Allied Commander Europe of NATO, and as do dozens of other retired generals, admirals and other top brass. Heres the really odd part: the Bush administration also disagreed with John McCain. Per various international  sources on October 20, 2008, the U.S. is finalizing negotiations on a security agreement with Iraq: The agreement also contains a timetable for the withdrawal of the U.S. military from Iraqi cities and towns by June 30, 2009 and from Iraqi territory by Dec. 31, 2011. Even General David Petraeus, often referred to with great reverence by McCain,  recently told the British press  that he would never use the word victory to describe U.S. involvement in Iraq and  commented: This is not the sort of struggle where you take a hill, plant the flag and go home to a victory parade... its not war with a simple slogan. The hard truth is that John McCain, Vietnam War POW, was obsessed with the Iraq War. And he couldnt seem to shake his angry, unhealthy obsession despite either reality or exorbitant cost. U.S. Voters Want Out of Iraq Per  CNN/Opinion Research Corp. polling  from October 17 to 19, 2008, 66% of all Americans disapprove of the Iraq war. Barack Obama was on the correct side of this issue, per the entire voting public, especially per the centrist, swing voters who decide most election outcomes. Barack Obama won the 2008 presidential election in part because he consistently exhibited wise judgment on the Iraq War, and because he insists on the obviously correct course of action. Reason #5 - Joe Biden as Running Mate Sen. Barack Obama won the presidency in part because of his wise selection of highly experienced, well-liked Sen. Joe Biden of Delaware as his vice-presidential running mate. The first job of the vice president is to assume the presidency should the president become incapacitated. No one doubts that Joe Biden is fully prepared to become President of the United States, should that terrible occasion arise. The second job of the vice president is to be of constant counsel to the president. In his 36 years in the U.S. Senate, Biden is one of the  most respected American leaders on foreign policy, the U.S. judiciary, crime, civil liberties, and many other vital areas. With his gregarious, warm personality, Biden is suited to offer direct, smart counsel to the 44th president, as he has done for many other U.S. presidents. As an added bonus, the working chemistry and mutual respect between Obama and Biden is excellent. For Americans concerned about Barack Obamas level of experience, Joe Bidens presence on the ticket added a large dose of gravitas. Had he selected one of the able, but far less experienced candidates on this short list (Kansas Gov. Kathleen Sebelius and Virginia Gov. Tim Kaine, to name two top contenders), Barack Obama may have been less likely to reassure a majority of voters that the Democratic ticket was experienced enough to tackle todays tough issues. Joe Biden vs. Sarah Palin Joe Bidens deep grasp of the issues, appreciation of U.S. history and laws, and steady, experienced leadership were in jarring contrast to that of Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, the Republican vice-presidential candidate. Republican nominee, 72-year-old John McCain, has wrestled with three episodes of melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer, and gets an in-depth skin cancer check every few months. Mr. McCains serious health challenges greatly increased the risk that he could become incapacitated and/or pass away in office, which would require his vice president to become President of the United States. It was widely recognized, even by a plethora of conservative pundits, that Sarah Palin was wholly unprepared to assume the presidency. In contrast, Joe Biden was widely regarded as well prepared to assume the presidency. Due to these five important political factors, Barack Obama won the November 4, 2008 election to become the 44th President of the United States.

The Gaps Left By Private Health Insurance Dissertation

The Gaps Left By Private Health Insurance - Dissertation Example Medical savings account evolved first in Singapore during 1984 as an alternative method of prepayment which is meant to address cost escalation caused by moral hazards (Mossialos and Dixon, 2002, p. 121). Medical Savings Account is a trust or custodial account for which a bank or an insurance company works as a trustee for the benefits of the individual or family (Prescott, 1998, p. 27). Medical savings accounts are savings accounts for individuals by which people are required to deposit money or are encouraged to deposit money. The money collected by medical savings accounts should be utilized solely for personal medical expenses (Mossialos and Dixon, 2002, p. 5). Medical savings accounts are considered to be tax-deferred because money contributed to medical savings accounts or money earned from unused balances are exempted from employee’s personal tax and these allow customers to save money for medical expenses. Either employer or employee keeps a portion of that part of the money which is spent on health insurance to the Medical savings account and the other portion is used for obtaining a catastrophic policy to cover medical expenses. Health Savings Account, a synonym for Medical savings account was created on December 2003 by a Medicare Bill signed by George W. Bush. It functions as a part of a high deductible health plan in America. It can be best viewed as Medical IRA because, Health savings account combines a health insurance plan with a tax-free saving account (Sedhom, 2008, p. 1) The medical savings account is based on the principle of self-reliance, because citizens are required to keep a portion of their income for saving purpose every month mainly for meeting their health care costs (Mossialos and Dixon, 2002, p. 121).

Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Older Hispanic Womens Experience Dissertation

Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Older Hispanic Womens Experience with Osteoarthritis - Dissertation Example Risk factors for OA includes the act of engaging in tedious manual labor or high-intensity sports activities, age, gender or being born as female, developmental dysplasia, obesity, ethnicity or race, genetic predisposition, inadequate exercise, socio-economic background, joint misalignment, long hours standing and lifting heavy weights (Sulsky et al., 2012; Swift, 2012; Kullie et al., 2011; Allen et al., 2010; Bolen et al., 2010; Lin et al., 2010; McDonough & Jette, 2010). The pathophysiology of OA is marked by a slow degenerative process of the â€Å"cartilage, bone and soft tissues that are integral to joints† followed by low-grade inflammation in the articular cartilage (Sulsky et al., 2012; McDonough & Jette, 2010, p. 388). After conducting a statistical research study with regards to the health-related quality of life among the US adults with arthritis, Furner et al. (2011) found out that the adults with arthritis had worse health-related quality of life as compared to the adults without arthritis. In general, pain at the joints is common among patients with OA (Bolen et al., 2010). Other common signs of OA include difficulty in body movements, stiffness and loss of muscle tone, strength and stamina, poor sleep, fatigue, anxiety, social isolation, depression, financial difficulty, and loss of work (Swift, 2012; Axford et al., 2010, 2008; Hawker et al., 2010). All these factors explain why people who are diagnosed with OA can be restricted in their day-to-day living activities and experience a significant reduction in their quality of life (QOL) due to pain (Axford et al., 2008). OA Depression and Physical Limitation In general, physical limitations or functional limitations is pertaining to a situation whereby a person’s ability to execute a specific mental or physical action is limited (McDonough & Jette, 2010). As explained by Dekker, van Dijk, & Veenhof (2009), activity or physical limitations caused by OA can worsen over time. In fact, failure to treat and manage OA can cause a person to suffer from disability (Luong et al., 2012; McDonough & Jette, 2010; Bosomworth, 2009) and a â€Å"progressive decrease in mental health† (Axford et al., 2008). With regards to physical disability, Axford et al. (2008) found out that disability is strongly related to the patients’ inability to cope, severe pain, and increased depression. Basically, all these factors explain why people who suffer from OA pain can experience lower productivity levels at work (DiBonaventura et al., 2011). Based on the National Health and Wellness Survey that was conducted by DiBonaventura et al. (2011), people who are experiencing OA pain are less likely to be employed. In most cases, common contributing factors that can trigger high levels of anxiety and depression include severe pain, limitations or restrictions in the body movements, physical disability, work impairment, and the risk of losing their job (Swift, 2012; DiBonaventura et al., 2011; Axford et al., 2